Signs of Sensory Sensitivities in Toddlers

By Dr. Leo Bennett, Child Development Advisor | Expert Advice Column | Childcare Standards Council

Toddlers explore the world through their senses touch, sight, hearing, taste, and smell. This sensory exploration is essential for learning and development. However, some children experience the world differently due to sensory sensitivities, which can affect how they react to everyday stimuli.

Understanding the signs of sensory sensitivities early on can help parents and carers provide the right support and ensure children thrive in their environments. In this article, I will explain what sensory sensitivities are, how they present in toddlers, and what you can do to help.

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What Are Sensory Sensitivities?

Sensory sensitivities, often referred to as sensory processing differences or sensory processing disorder (SPD), involve difficulties in how the brain receives and responds to sensory information. This can result in over or under responsiveness to stimuli such as sounds, textures, lights, or movement.

For example, a toddler with sensory sensitivities may find the texture of certain fabrics unbearable or become distressed by everyday noises like a vacuum cleaner or loud voices.

These sensitivities are common and may occur alongside other developmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but can also appear on their own.

Why Recognising Sensory Sensitivities Matters

Early identification of sensory sensitivities is important because:

• It helps prevent unnecessary stress and anxiety for the child.

• It guides tailored strategies to support sensory regulation.

• It promotes positive social interactions and learning experiences.

• It allows parents and carers to seek specialist advice if needed.

  
  

Common Signs of Sensory Sensitivities in Toddlers

Every child is unique, but some common signs to watch for include:

1. Tactile Sensitivities (Touch)

• Refusing certain clothes or labels, especially tight or scratchy fabrics.

• Disliking messy play involving sand, paint, or glue.

• Resisting hugs or physical contact, or conversely, seeking excessive touch.

  
  

2. Auditory Sensitivities (Hearing)

• Covering ears or showing distress in noisy environments like supermarkets or parties.

• Startling easily at everyday sounds such as sirens, vacuum cleaners, or alarms.

• Difficulty focusing or calming down when there’s background noise.

  
  

3. Visual Sensitivities (Sight)

• Being overwhelmed by bright lights or fast moving objects.

• Avoiding eye contact or seeming distracted by visual clutter.

• Preference for dimmer or calmer environments.

  
  

4. Olfactory and Gustatory Sensitivities (Smell and Taste)

• Strong reactions to certain smells, such as perfumes or cooking aromas.

• Picky eating habits related to texture, taste, or smell of food.

• Gagging or refusal to try new foods.

  
  

5. Vestibular and Proprioceptive Sensitivities (Movement and Body Awareness)

• Dislike of swings, slides, or being lifted.

• Appearing clumsy or avoiding activities that require balance and coordination.

• Seeking excessive movement or, conversely, avoiding physical play.

  
  

How Sensory Sensitivities Impact Daily Life

Sensory sensitivities can affect a toddler’s behaviour and learning. For example:

• Difficulty settling at bedtime due to tactile or auditory sensitivities.

• Challenges in social settings where sensory input is unpredictable.

• Behavioural meltdowns or withdrawal due to sensory overload.

• Avoidance of new experiences and reluctance to explore.

  
  

Understanding these impacts helps adults respond with empathy rather than frustration.

Practical Strategies to Support Toddlers with Sensory Sensitivities

Here are some effective approaches to help toddlers manage sensory sensitivities:

1. Create a Sensory Friendly Environment

• Minimise overwhelming stimuli use soft lighting and reduce noise where possible.

• Offer calm spaces or quiet corners where your child can retreat if feeling overwhelmed.

  
  

2. Use Predictable Routines

• Predictability helps toddlers feel secure and reduces sensory related anxiety.

• Prepare your child in advance for transitions or new experiences.

  
  

3. Introduce Sensory Play Gradually

• Engage your child with sensory activities tailored to their tolerance.

• For example, start with dry, soft textures before progressing to messy play.

  
  

4. Offer Choices and Control

• Allow your child to choose activities or foods where possible.

• Respect their sensory preferences and don’t force uncomfortable experiences.

  
  

5. Communicate and Observe

• Use simple language to name feelings and experiences.

• Observe patterns in sensory triggers and reactions to tailor support.

  
  

When to Seek Professional Advice

If sensory sensitivities significantly affect your child’s daily functioning, social interaction, or learning, it may be helpful to consult specialists such as:

• Paediatricians

• Occupational therapists with sensory integration training

• Speech and language therapists (for related communication concerns)

• Child psychologists

  
  

Early professional support can make a positive difference in managing sensitivities and fostering development.

Supporting Parents and Carers

Caring for a child with sensory sensitivities can be challenging. Remember:

• You are not alone many families face similar challenges.

• Seek support groups or parent networks to share experiences and advice.

• Practice self care to maintain your wellbeing, which in turn supports your child.

  
  

Final Thoughts

Sensory sensitivities in toddlers are a natural variation in how children experience the world. With understanding, patience, and the right strategies, parents and carers can help children navigate their sensory environment confidently.

Early recognition and support empower toddlers to engage fully with their surroundings, build resilience, and enjoy positive learning and social experiences.